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New Gastroenterology research.

The strongest recent Gastroenterology papers on PubMed, ranked by study design, topic and journal, with the same summaries subscribers get.

  1. randomized trial, 58 patients

    Dual therapy with tofacitinib and steroids for acute severe ulcerative colitis: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial

    Arora U, Verma M, Madan D, et al. J Crohns Colitis. Oct 2026.

    Findings
    In acute severe ulcerative colitis, unadjusted day 6 treatment failure was 24.2% with tofacitinib versus 36.0% with placebo (P = .33), but reached significance after baseline adjustment (adjusted RR 0.47; P = .03). Tofacitinib significantly lowered rescue therapy requirements over 90 days (HR 0.27; P = .01).
    Bottom line
    Adding tofacitinib to IV steroids reduced 90-day rescue therapy (HR 0.27) without significantly altering 90-day colectomy rates (12.1% vs 12.0%).

    PubMed, PMID 42909466

  2. meta-analysis, 35 studies

    Paediatric Helicobacter pylori infection and allergic and inflammatory diseases: a contemporary systematic review with meta-analysis

    Tavares M, Ferreira A, Campo E, et al. Eur J Pediatr. Oct 2026.

    Findings
    The meta‑analysis found an overall odds ratio of 0.75 for asthma, with a 95% confidence interval of 0.54‑1.05 and heterogeneity I² = 67.3%. Subgroup analysis showed an inverse association in studies using UBT/SAT, while histology‑based studies showed no association.
    Bottom line
    Overall OR = 0.75 (95% CI 0.54‑1.05); I² = 67.3% indicates substantial heterogeneity.

    PubMed, PMID 42895565

  3. randomized trial, 38 patients

    Safety and tolerability of anti-toll-like receptor 3, monoclonal antibody PRV-300 in patients with moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis: a randomized phase 1B clinical trial (PULSE)

    Pokryszka J, Comer GM, Richmond CA, et al. J Crohns Colitis. Oct 2026.

    Findings
    In a randomized phase 1B trial, 38 participants with moderate‑to‑severe ulcerative colitis were assigned to treatment; 28 were allocated to the anti‑TLR3 monoclonal antibody PRV‑300 and 9 to placebo.
    Bottom line
    The study evaluated safety and tolerability of PRV‑300 in a cohort of 38 patients, with 28 on active drug and 9 on control.

    PubMed, PMID 42896861

  4. registry cohort, 187,401 patients

    Impact of inflammatory bowel disease on perioperative complications in patients undergoing hysterectomy

    Liu H, Chen L, Huang N, et al. BMC Womens Health. Jul 2026.

    Findings
    Among 187,401 hysterectomy patients, 0.46% had IBD, which was independently associated with increased odds of sepsis (OR 3.060) and in-hospital mortality (OR 3.827).
    Bottom line
    Patients with inflammatory bowel disease undergoing hysterectomy face significantly higher adjusted odds of serious perioperative complications and mortality.

    PubMed, PMID 42894206

  5. prospective cohort, 306,543 patients

    Healthy lifestyle as a protective factor against the risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease: Prospective population cohort analysis

    Peng L, Li X, Qi J, et al. PLoS One. Jan 2026.

    Findings
    Adherence to a healthy lifestyle score of 5-7 was associated with a significantly lower risk of GERD (HR, 0.63) over a mean follow-up of 12.7 years.
    Bottom line
    Promoting healthy lifestyle behaviors can substantially reduce the incidence of gastroesophageal reflux disease in the general population.

    PubMed, PMID 42879421

  6. prospective cohort, 40

    Evaluation of Outcome of Laparoscopic Nissen Fundoplication with or without Fundophrenicopexia in Surgical Management of Hiatal Hernia

    Eissa M, Ghareeb WM, Ghanem A, et al. J Gastrointest Surg. Oct 2026.

    Findings
    Hernia recurrence occurred in 15% of patients with LNF alone versus 0% with fundophrenicopexia (p=0.04) over a follow-up of 11.2 months. Operative time was longer with fundophrenicopexia (68.5 vs 52.3 minutes).
    Bottom line
    Adding fundophrenicopexia to laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication reduces recurrence without increasing dysphagia.

    PubMed, PMID 42869211

  7. clinical trial, 30 patients

    Fecal microbiota transplantation for the decolonization of mucosal adherent-invasive Escherichia coli in Crohn's disease: an open-label pilot study

    Xu Z, Jiang H, Huang W, et al. Nat Commun. Sep 2026.

    Findings
    In 30 adults with Crohn's disease, single colonoscopic FMT led to mucosal AIEC decolonization in all 8 evaluable baseline-positive patients, increased mucosal alpha diversity (p = 0.023), and decreased fecal calprotectin (p = 0.034).
    Bottom line
    Single colonoscopic FMT is safe and decolonizes mucosal adherent-invasive E. coli in Crohn's disease.

    PubMed, PMID 42860401

  8. systematic review, 1,005 patients

    Liver transplantation as a treatment option for neuroendocrine liver metastases: a systematic review

    Jaén-Torrejimeno I, López-Guerra D, Rojas-Holguín A, et al. Cir Cir. Jan 2026.

    Findings
    In a systematic review of 1005 patients (mean age 47.9 years), disease‑free survival after liver transplantation was reported as 25.3 months, ranging from 14 to 31 months.
    Bottom line
    The data suggest that liver transplantation can provide a disease‑free interval of about 25.3 months for patients with neuroendocrine liver metastases.

    PubMed, PMID 42913616

Summaries are written by AI from PubMed abstracts, for keeping up with the literature. Check the source before it changes care. Editorial policy · Medical disclaimer

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