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New Infectious Disease research.

The strongest recent Infectious Disease papers on PubMed, ranked by study design, topic and journal, with the same summaries subscribers get.

  1. systematic review, 5 studies

    Efficacy of ShotBlocker for Pain Relief in Infants During Vaccination: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

    Madkour S, Baradwan S, Mahmoud AMA, et al. J Pediatr Health Care. Oct 2026.

    Findings
    The meta-analysis of five RCTs with 378 infants found that ShotBlocker reduced pain scores (SMD -1.49; 95% CI -2.57 to -0.41; p = .018).
    Bottom line
    ShotBlocker significantly lowers vaccination pain (SMD -1.49; p = .018).

    PubMed, PMID 42927481

  2. review

    [What should you request to the laboratory for a patient bitten by a tick ?]

    Lienhard R, Ackermann-Gäumann R, Croxatto A. Rev Med Suisse. Oct 2026.

    Findings
    More than 99% of ticks removed from humans in Switzerland are Ixodes ricinus.
    Bottom line
    Diagnostic laboratory testing following tick bites should rely on pretest probability because isolated seropositivity does not indicate active disease.

    PubMed, PMID 42902963

  3. randomized trial, 212 patients

    Extended dosing intervals enhance the durability of a self-amplifying mRNA vaccine against pandemic H5N1 influenza: a randomized, observer-blind, dose-finding Phase I study

    Pragalos AA, Pacciarini F, Jin H, et al. Nat Commun. Sep 2026.

    Findings
    An 8‑week dosing schedule produced neutralizing and anti‑NA antibodies that stayed significantly elevated for 6‑7 months after the second dose, and T‑cell responses peaked at Day 29. The vaccine was tested at 1.5, 5, or 12 µg in 212 healthy adults.
    Bottom line
    The extended 8‑week interval generated antibodies lasting 6‑7 months and a Day‑29 T‑cell peak in a 212‑person Phase I trial.

    PubMed, PMID 42928290

  4. randomized trial, 1,404 patients

    Evaluating a multi-vaccine respiratory immunization strategy involving SARS-CoV-2, pneumococcal, and influenza vaccines in adults: A randomized, open-label, multicenter, controlled, non-inferiority Phase IV trial in China

    Shi X, Han S, Wu C, et al. Hum Vaccin Immunother. Dec 2026.

    Findings
    A total of 1,404 adults aged ≥ 18 year, with equal numbers of adults aged 18-59 year and ≥60 year, were randomized 1:1:1 to receive WIBP-CorV + PPV23 on Day 0 followed by WIBP-CorV + IIV4 on Day 28, WIBP-CorV alone on Days 0 and 28, or PPV23 on Day 0 followed by IIV4 on Day 28.
    Bottom line
    The study enrolled 1,404 participants aged ≥ 18 year and allocated them in a 1:1:1 ratio across three vaccination schedules using Day 0 and Day 28 dosing intervals.

    PubMed, PMID 42904667

  5. randomized trial, 39 patients

    Chyme reinfusion using The Insides® System to reduce parenteral nutrition dependence in type 2 intestinal failure: multicentre randomized clinical trial (REINFUSE)

    Milne TGE, Lal S, Abraham A, et al. BJS Open. Sep 2026.

    Findings
    In a multicentre randomized clinical trial, 39 patients were randomized (26 active, 13 control). At day 30, 8 of 26 active participants (31%) achieved the primary endpoint, while no controls did. At day 60, the active group received 1450 ml/day (P = 0.026).
    Bottom line
    The Insides® System enabled 8 of 26 active patients to meet the primary endpoint by day 30 and increased intake to 1450 ml/day by day 60.

    PubMed, PMID 42911833

  6. randomized trial, 48 patients

    No clinically relevant QTc prolongation with ceftibuten or ledaborbactam etzadroxil: concentration-QTc analyses from two phase I studies

    Darpo B, Xue H, Hamed KA, et al. J Antimicrob Chemother. Oct 2026.

    Findings
    Concentration-QTc models excluded ΔΔQTcF increases exceeding the 10 ms threshold at concentrations up to 44 µg/mL for cis-ceftibuten and 30.3 µg/mL for ledaborbactam. Neither agent produced clinically relevant ECG changes.
    Bottom line
    Ceftibuten and ledaborbactam etzadroxil do not cause clinically meaningful QTc prolongation exceeding 10 ms.

    PubMed, PMID 42920101

  7. meta-analysis, 15 studies

    Resistance-containing exercise versus non-exercise control for inflammatory markers and T-cell counts in adults living with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis

    Zhang J, Gao Y, Zhang Z, et al. Front Immunol. Jan 2026.

    Findings
    In adults with HIV, pooled results showed exercise favored CD4+ T-cell count by 124.2 cells/mm3 (54.6 to 193.7; k = 7). In contrast, final-value estimates for inflammatory markers included no effect, including interleukin-6 at -0.19 (95% CI -1.14 to 0.76; k = 4).
    Bottom line
    Resistance exercise may increase CD4+ counts by 124.2 cells/mm3, though evidence certainty remains very low.

    PubMed, PMID 42908849

Summaries are written by AI from PubMed abstracts, for keeping up with the literature. Check the source before it changes care. Editorial policy · Medical disclaimer

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