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New Medical Oncology research.

The strongest recent Medical Oncology papers on PubMed, ranked by study design, topic and journal, with the same summaries subscribers get.

  1. retrospective cohort, 125 patients

    First Unscheduled Hospitalization in Pancreatic Cancer: A Point for Palliative Care Integration

    Torres-Tenor JL, García-Leal A, Aguilera MG, et al. J Pain Symptom Manage. Oct 2026.

    Findings
    Among 125 adults with pancreatic adenocarcinoma, 105 (84%) had an unscheduled hospitalization at a median 4.1 months post-diagnosis. Median overall survival post-admission was 3.8 months (95% CI, 2.1-7.1), with 20% dying in hospital and only 10% receiving pre-hospitalization palliative care assessment.
    Bottom line
    Unscheduled hospitalization identifies high-risk pancreatic cancer patients requiring urgent palliative care integration.

    PubMed, PMID 42863588

  2. observational study, 132 patients

    A Living Multi-Omics PDX Biobank of High-Risk Sarcomas Reveals ecDNA-Driven Oncogene Amplification in Osteosarcoma and Enables Preclinical Precision Oncology

    Zhao W, Cheng Z, Tian K, et al. Adv Sci (Weinh). Oct 2026.

    Findings
    A biobank generated 155 xenografts from 132 patients across 11 sarcoma histotypes, finding extrachromosomal DNA frequently drives high-level oncogene amplification in osteosarcoma.
    Bottom line
    Early-stage science. Patient-derived xenograft biobanks enable preclinical driver gene discovery and precision oncology targeting in high-risk sarcomas.

    PubMed, PMID 42864811

  3. randomized trial, 475 patients

    Prognostic associations between patient-reported outcomes and progression-free and overall survival in advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma with PD-L1 TAP score ≥ 5%: results from the RATIONALE-305 trial

    Moehler M, Correa MC, Oh DY, et al. Qual Life Res. Oct 2026.

    Findings
    Tislelizumab plus chemotherapy improved global health status and quality of life (p = 0.01). Across domains, it reduced progression or death risk (PFS HRs 0.55-0.65; 35-45% reduction; all p ≤ 0.01).
    Bottom line
    Patient-reported outcomes are strong prognostic markers, with tislelizumab consistently reducing death risk (OS HRs 0.65-0.73; all p ≤ 0.01).

    PubMed, PMID 42927580

  4. phase iii trial, 325 patients

    Neoadjuvant nivolumab plus gemcitabine-cisplatin followed by postsurgical adjuvant nivolumab versus neoadjuvant gemcitabine-cisplatin in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer: final results from the phase III CA017-078 trial

    Sonpavde G, van der Heijden MS, Gupta S, et al. Ann Oncol. Dec 2026.

    Findings
    Adding perioperative nivolumab to neoadjuvant gemcitabine-cisplatin did not improve event-free survival (HR 0.94, 95.74% CI 0.71-1.25; P=0.6697). Pathological complete response rates were 39.1% versus 29.6% (adjusted difference 9.5%, 99.91% CI -2.6-21.6).
    Bottom line
    Perioperative nivolumab combined with neoadjuvant gemcitabine-cisplatin does not improve event-free survival in resectable muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

    PubMed, PMID 42918420

  5. randomized trial, 46 patients

    Protective effect of N-acetylcysteine on oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy in colorectal cancer: a randomized controlled trial

    Hegazy ZK, Tawfik SK, Elmashad NM. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. Oct 2026.

    Findings
    In the trial, neurotensin fell significantly in the NAC arm versus control (P < 0.001). IL‑6 also dropped significantly (P < 0.001). FACT/GOG‑NTX‑12 and NCI‑CTCAE scores were lower in the NAC group at the end of the first two cycles and at study end (P < 0.05).
    Bottom line
    N‑acetylcysteine markedly reduced neurotensin, IL‑6 and neuropathy severity (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P < 0.05).

    PubMed, PMID 42909655

  6. randomized trial, 50 patients

    Hyaluronic acid-based skin booster with glutathione combined with 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser and oral tranexamic acid for melasma: A prospective comparative study

    Bai JL. Medicine (Baltimore). Oct 2026.

    Findings
    At 6 months the mean mMASI was 2.50 ± 0.62 in Group A versus 3.39 ± 0.70 in the control (P < .001). At follow‑up the scores were 2.06 ± 0.54 versus 2.67 ± 0.59 (P = .003). Very satisfied patients were 28% versus 11% (P = .31).
    Bottom line
    Group A achieved significantly lower mMASI values at 6 months and at follow‑up, with a higher proportion of very satisfied patients despite the satisfaction difference not reaching significance.

    PubMed, PMID 42888572

  7. meta-analysis, 8 studies

    Intraoperative facial nerve monitoring on operative duration in parotidectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis

    Chen JL, Lin IC, Shen EY, et al. Head Face Med. Jul 2026.

    Findings
    The systematic review included 8 studies comprising 1677 patients.
    Bottom line
    Findings are drawn from 8 studies and 1677 patients.

    PubMed, PMID 42907851

  8. meta-analysis, 6 studies

    Neoadjuvant Therapy for Gastric Adenocarcinoma with Signet Ring Cells: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

    Mela E, Frountzas M, Apostolidou Kiouti F, et al. J Gastrointest Cancer. Oct 2026.

    Findings
    The systematic review pooled data from 6 studies, comprising 7 cohorts and 5.388 patients. Hazard ratios reported were 0.96 (95% CI 0.68-1.34), 0.85 (95% CI 0.53-1.38), and 1.12 (95% CI 0.63-1.97).
    Bottom line
    Across 6 studies, hazard ratios ranged from 0.85 to 1.12 with confidence intervals spanning 0.53-1.97, indicating no clear survival benefit.

    PubMed, PMID 42900306

Summaries are written by AI from PubMed abstracts, for keeping up with the literature. Check the source before it changes care. Editorial policy · Medical disclaimer

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