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New Pulmonology research.

The strongest recent Pulmonology papers on PubMed, ranked by study design, topic and journal, with the same summaries subscribers get.

  1. randomized trial, 25 patients

    Effects of resistance training on subjective sleep quality, excessive daytime sleepiness, and quality of life in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a secondary analysis from a randomized controlled trial

    de Almeida JRV, da Silva Ferreira DK, de Arantes Lima VD, et al. Sleep Breath. Oct 2026.

    Findings
    In the trial, the resistance training group showed a change in sleep latency of -1.0 ± 0.3 versus 0.2 ± 0.2 in controls (p = 0.018). The overall PSQI score changed by -3.2 ± 0.6 compared with 0.2 ± 0.8 in controls (p = 0.004). Emotional aspects shifted by 29.6 ± 14.8 versus -17.9 ± 10.0 (p = 0.008).
    Bottom line
    Resistance training produced statistically significant improvements in sleep latency, global sleep quality, and emotional health metrics for patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

    PubMed, PMID 42900248

  2. randomized trial, 75 patients

    Closed Versus Open Vent Port Techniques and the Disconnection Technique for Optimizing Lung Collapse With Bronchial Blockers in Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial

    Yao J, Chen YJ, Shen FM, et al. Clin Respir J. Oct 2026.

    Findings
    In a randomized trial of 72 patients (24 per group), the median time to complete lung collapse was 15 min (95% CI: 10‑15) for Groups 1 and 3. In Group 2, complete collapse was not reached by 30 min, with 15/24 patients (62.5%) still incomplete.
    Bottom line
    Two techniques achieved a 15‑minute median collapse, while the third lagged beyond 30 min in the majority (62.5%).

    PubMed, PMID 42922101

  3. randomized trial, 29 patients

    Music-Based Intervention in Postoperative Lung Transplant Care: A Feasibility Study

    Tague DB, Pickett E, Stock CD, et al. J Music Ther. Jul 2026.

    Findings
    In 29 patients, the music‑based group showed lower pain scores and median acetaminophen use, though differences were not statistically significant.
    Bottom line
    Music therapy may reduce pain and analgesic use post‑lung transplant, but larger trials are needed to confirm significance.

    PubMed, PMID 42921809

  4. randomized trial, 249 patients

    Effect of exercise on motor skill of walking among community-dwelling older adults: secondary outcomes of a randomized clinical trial

    VanSwearingen J, Perera S, Brach J. Age Ageing. Aug 2026.

    Findings
    Both standard and standard‑plus exercise lowered oxygen cost of walking (≈‑0.05 ml/kg·m at 12 weeks, P < .0001) and there were no significant differences between groups in motor‑skill outcomes, with an adjusted stance‑time variability difference of -0.0098 ± 0.0040 (P = .0154).
    Bottom line
    Clinicians can expect a modest reduction in oxygen cost (~‑0.05 ml/kg·m) after 12 weeks of either exercise program, but no added motor‑skill benefit from the motor‑learning components.

    PubMed, PMID 42912564

  5. randomized trial, 76 patients

    Optimization of Anticoagulation Strategy During Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Neonates with Congenital Heart Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial

    Wang H, Liu Q, Gao P, et al. Drug Des Devel Ther. Jan 2026.

    Findings
    In a randomized controlled trial, 76 neonates undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass were assigned to receive an initial heparin dose of either 600 U/kg (n = 38) or 400 U/kg (n = 38).
    Bottom line
    Both dosing groups included 38 participants, with total enrollment of 76 neonates.

    PubMed, PMID 42899169

Summaries are written by AI from PubMed abstracts, for keeping up with the literature. Check the source before it changes care. Editorial policy · Medical disclaimer

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