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New Urology research.

The strongest recent Urology papers on PubMed, ranked by study design, topic and journal, with the same summaries subscribers get.

  1. meta-analysis, 8,921 patients

    Neutropenia events with androgen receptor pathway inhibitor-containing versus control therapies in prostate cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

    Zhang J, Zhang A, Tian J, et al. BMC Cancer. Aug 2026.

    Findings
    A meta-analysis of phase 3 trials in prostate cancer showed ARPI intensification modestly increased any-grade neutropenia (RR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.07-1.69; p = 0.010), but not grade 3 or higher neutropenia (RR, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.87-1.38; p = 0.453).
    Bottom line
    ARPI intensification slightly elevates mild neutropenia risk without increasing severe neutropenia risk.

    PubMed, PMID 42864616

  2. registry cohort, 132,939 men

    Association of Travel Time With Definitive Prostate Cancer Treatment: A United States Registry Cohort Study

    Dagnino F, Korn S, Daniels D, et al. Cancer Med. Oct 2026.

    Findings
    In 132,939 men with non-metastatic prostate cancer, driving times >=90 minutes versus <30 minutes were associated with higher surgery receipt (aOR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.12) and lower radiotherapy receipt (aOR: 0.72, 95% CI: 0.69-0.76).
    Bottom line
    Longer travel times reduce receipt of radiotherapy relative to surgery.

    PubMed, PMID 42864849

  3. randomized trial, 26 patients

    Efficacy of a standardized cranberry supplement on overactive bladder symptoms and urobiome alterations in young women: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial

    Ito A, Akagawa S, Akagawa Y, et al. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. Jan 2026.

    Findings
    In 26 young women with OAB, the cranberry group showed a median OABSS reduction of 66.7% versus 40.0% with placebo, and Lactobacillus abundance fell by a median of -4.39% after cranberry use.
    Bottom line
    Cranberry supplementation yielded a 66.7% median OABSS reduction compared with 40.0% for placebo and reduced Lactobacillus relative abundance by -4.39%.

    PubMed, PMID 42908981

  4. randomized trial, 356 patients

    Prophylactic Low-Dose Esketamine for Prevention of Intraoperative Penile Erection During Ureteroscopic Surgery Under General Anesthesia: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

    Zhang Z, Yin G, He W, et al. Drug Des Devel Ther. Jan 2026.

    Findings
    In 356 patients, rESULTS: The incidence of IPE was 6.2% (11/178) with esketamine versus 21.9% (39/178) with saline (RR 0.282, 95% CI 0.149-0.533; ARR 15.7%; NNT 6.4; P < 0.001).
    Bottom line
    Prophylactic esketamine cut IPE incidence to 6.2% (vs 21.9% saline) and lowered rescue‑treatment need to 4.5% (vs 21.3%).

    PubMed, PMID 42928869

  5. randomized trial, 60 patients

    A prospective randomized controlled trial comparing subpectineal and interfascial obturator nerve block techniques in preventing adductor muscle spasm during transurethral resection of bladder tumors

    Saygılı Y, Köse HC, Köse SG, et al. BMC Anesthesiol. Jul 2026.

    Findings
    In a prospective randomized controlled trial of 60 patients undergoing TURBT under spinal anesthesia, the subpectineal technique achieved an efficacy of 86.7% (95% confidence interval: 74.6% to 98.8%) in preventing adductor muscle spasm.
    Bottom line
    The subpectineal block prevented spasm in 86.7% of cases (95% CI: 74.6%–98.8%) among 60 patients.

    PubMed, PMID 42894134

  6. randomized trial, 23 patients

    Feasibility and safety of an exercise-based prehabilitation intervention before cancer surgery: a pilot randomised controlled trial

    Hennessy DT, Shee AW, Rawstorn JC, et al. Support Care Cancer. Oct 2026.

    Findings
    Among 23 randomized patients awaiting cancer surgery, exercise prehabilitation showed attendance of 91.3% and adherence of 82.6%. Five adverse events occurred in the prehabilitation arm, all grade 1.
    Bottom line
    Preoperative exercise prehabilitation is feasible with 91.3% attendance and 82.6% adherence, though clinical efficacy requires larger trials.

    PubMed, PMID 42905213

  7. randomized trial, 72 patients

    A Bioequivalence Study of Two Formulations of Enzalutamide Soft Capsules in Healthy Chinese Male Subjects

    Wang J, Gu K, Zhang M, et al. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev. Oct 2026.

    Findings
    In 72 healthy Chinese men, the test enzalutamide soft capsule demonstrated 90% confidence intervals for Cmax and AUC0‑72 h within the 80‑125% bioequivalence range, and no serious adverse events occurred.
    Bottom line
    The generic enzalutamide capsule is bioequivalent to the reference product (90% CI 80‑125%) and shows a comparable safety profile.

    PubMed, PMID 42910839

Summaries are written by AI from PubMed abstracts, for keeping up with the literature. Check the source before it changes care. Editorial policy · Medical disclaimer

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